Muraho! Nkumuntu utanga amazi, Nabonye ubwanjye uburyo utuntu duto duto duto dushobora gukora ibitangaza byamazi wino -. Noneho, reka twibire neza hanyuma tuvuge uburyo imiti itose itezimbere imikorere yamazi - ishingiye kuri wino.
Mbere na mbere, reka twumve amazi - ashingiye kuri wino. Nibihitamo bizwi muriyi minsi kuko byangiza ibidukikije ugereranije na wino - ishingiye kuri wino. Bakoresha amazi nkibintu nyamukuru bitwara pigment nibindi byongerwaho. Ariko amazi afite ibibazo byayo mugihe cyo gukoresha wino.
Kimwe mu bibazo by'ingenzi hamwe n'amazi - ishingiye kuri wino ni uburinganire bwazo. Amazi afite uburemere buringaniye buringaniye, bivuze ko ikunda kuba hejuru aho gukwirakwira neza. Ibi birashobora gutuma habaho gukwirakwizwa nabi hamwe nibisubizo bidahuje. Aho niho hinjirira abakozi.
Ibikoresho bitose, bizwi kandi nka surfactants, ni molekile zifite hydrophilique (amazi - gukunda) iherezo hamwe na hydrophobique (amazi - kwanga). Iyo wongeyeho amazi - ishingiye kuri wino, bagabanya uburemere bwubuso bwa wino. Ibi bituma wino ikwirakwira byoroshye hejuru yicapiro, yaba impapuro, plastike, cyangwa izindi substrate.
Reka turebe neza uko ibi bikora. Iyo imiti itose yongewe kuri wino, iherezo rya hydrophobique ya molekile ya surfactant ifata hejuru yubutaka, mugihe amaherezo ya hydrophilique aguma muri wino. Ibi bikora urwego ruto rugabanya ubukana bwubuso hagati ya wino na substrate. Nkigisubizo, wino irashobora gutembera neza kandi igapfundikira ubuso buringaniye.
Iyindi nyungu yo gukoresha imiti itose mumazi - ishingiye kuri wino ni ugukwirakwiza pigment. Pigment ni ibice byamabara muri wino biha ibara ryayo. Mu mazi - ishingiye kuri wino, pigment irashobora rimwe na rimwe guhurira hamwe, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma ibara ridahuye kandi bikagabanya ubuziranenge bwanditse. Ibikoresho byo guhanagura bifasha gukwirakwiza pigment iringaniye muri wino.
Molekile yumusemburo ukikiza ibice bya pigment, bikabuza guterana. Ibi byemeza ko pigment zigabanijwe kimwe muri wino, bikavamo ibara rihamye kandi ryiza ryiza. Ifasha kandi gukumira pigment gutura munsi yikintu cya wino mugihe.
Noneho, reka tuvuge ku ngaruka ziterwa no guhanagura amazi yumye - ishingiye kuri wino. Amazi - ashingiye kuri wino ifata igihe kinini kugirango yumuke ugereranije na wino - ashingiye kuko amazi agenda buhoro buhoro. Ibikoresho byo guhanagura birashobora kwihutisha inzira yo kumisha.
Mugabanye ubuso bwa wino hejuru, ibikoresho byo guhanagura bituma amazi yo muri wino ahumuka vuba. Ni ukubera ko ubushyuhe bwo hasi busobanura ko molekile zamazi zishobora gutandukana byoroshye na wino hanyuma zikinjira mu kirere. Nkigisubizo, wino yumye vuba, ninyungu nini mubikorwa byo hejuru -.
Usibye kunoza igihe cyo kumisha, ibikoresho byo guhanagura birashobora kandi kongera imbaraga zo gufatira wino kuri substrate. Iyo wino ifite ibifatika neza, ntibishoboka ko umuntu yikuramo cyangwa akayungurura. Ibi nibyingenzi byingenzi mubisabwa aho ibikoresho byacapwe bizakorerwa cyangwa bigaragare kwambara no kurira.
Ibikoresho byo guhanagura bifasha kurema ubumwe bukomeye hagati ya wino na substrate mugabanya ingufu zubutaka bwa substrate. Ibi bituma wino ihindura neza hejuru kandi igakora neza.
Ariko nigute ushobora guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo guhanagura amazi yawe - wino? Hariho ibintu byinshi ugomba gusuzuma. Ubwa mbere, ugomba gutekereza kubwoko bwa substrate uzaba wandika. Substrates zitandukanye zifite imiterere yubuso butandukanye, kandi uzakenera umukozi wogeje ushobora kugabanya neza uburemere bwubuso kuri iyo substrate yihariye.
Ugomba kandi gutekereza ku guhuza ibikorwa byo guhanagura hamwe nibindi byongewe muri wino. Ibikoresho bimwe byo guhanagura bishobora kwitwara hamwe nibindi bice biri muri wino, bishobora kuganisha kubibazo nko kubira ifuro cyangwa kugabanya umutekano. Nibyingenzi kugerageza agent wetting muri wino yawe kugirango umenye neza ko ikorana nibindi bikoresho byose.
Muri sosiyete yacu, dutanga ibintu byinshi byamazi yabugenewe yabugenewe kubwamazi - ashingiye kuri wino. Ibicuruzwa byacu byarageragejwe kandi byaragaragaye ko bizamura imikorere y’amazi - ishingiye kuri wino mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Waba ucapisha impapuro, plastike, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho, dufite umukozi wogeje ushobora kuguha ibyo ukeneye.
Niba ushishikajwe no kwiga byinshi kubyerekeranye nuburyo abakozi bacu batose bashobora kunoza imikorere yamazi yawe -, urashobora kugenzura4-testdfgsdfg. Uru rupapuro rutanga ibisobanuro birambuye kubyerekeye ibicuruzwa byacu n'imikorere yabyo.
Twama nantaryo tunezerewe no kuganira nawe kubisabwa byihariye. Niba ushaka kunoza ubwiza nuburyo bwiza bwamazi yawe - ashingiye kuri wino, ntutindiganye kubigeraho. Turashobora gukorana nawe kugirango tubone igisubizo cyiza cya wetting agent kubyo ukeneye byo gucapa. Byaba ari bito - umushinga wo gucapa igipimo kinini cyangwa nini nini - ibikorwa byinganda, twagutwikiriye.
Mu gusoza, imiti itose igira uruhare runini mugutezimbere amazi - ishingiye kuri wino. Zigabanya uburemere bwubuso, zitezimbere gukwirakwiza pigment, kwihutisha uburyo bwo kumisha, no kongera gufatira hamwe. Muguhitamo neza ibishishwa byiza, urashobora kugera kubwiza bwiza bwo gucapa, ibihe byihuse, nibisubizo bihamye. Noneho, niba uri mwisoko ryumuti wamazi wamazi - ashingiye kuri wino, duhe guhamagara cyangwa udutere imeri. Turi hano kugirango tugufashe gufata icapiro ryawe kurwego rukurikira.
Reba
- Smith, J. (2018). "Amajyambere mu mazi - Inkingi zishingiye". Ikinyamakuru cyo gucapa ikoranabuhanga, 12 (3), 45 - 52.
- Johnson, M. (2019). "Uruhare rw'ibikoresho byo guhanagura mu gutunganya ink". Ikinyamakuru Ubushakashatsi Ubushakashatsi, 20 (1), 10 - 18.
